did you know, the human, "cellular structure", is comprised of cells, The cell, (from Latin cella, meaning small room), is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit, of all known living organisms. A cell is the smallest unit of life, that can replicate independently, There are many different types of biological cell's, including lots of cell's, that are specialised to perform specific functions, e.g. neurons are nerve cell's, whose function is to transmit tiny electrical pulse's, around any living nervous system. Although different types of cells, generally have different specialised functions, some types of processes are common to all, or at least most, cells, Due to the huge variety, of different types of biological cells, including different types of animal cells, plant cells and bacteria cells, it can be tricky to identify functions, (or processes), common to all cells.
Cell Functions
1.
Transport processes
Biochemical particles, such as ions and molecules, need to travel through the structures, e.g. tissues, of organism's, to reach the location's, where they are needed. Such structures are composed of cell's. There are various transport mechanism's, via which particles can travel through, (or via), cells.
For example, the functions of cell membranes, include enabling transport of various substances, via the selective permeability, of the plasma membrane, by active transport and by exocytosis, and endocytosis. Plant cell wall's, enable water and some solutes, to travel via the apoplast system, along either apoplastic pathways, or symplastic pathways.
2.
Metabolism , (i.e. chemical reactions),
All cells perform chemical reactions, i.e. metabolic processes.
In general, the functions of these reactions, can include:
making, (or, to use the scientific term, synthesizing), biochemical macromolecules, and degrading unwanted molecules, converting food/energy sources into sugars, trapping or releasing energy
3.
Motility, (i.e. spontaneous active movement, that consumes energy),
Different cells exhibit different types of motility. In general the term motility, can refer to movement of some components of the cell, or to the movement of the whole cell, e.g. within a fluid. Prokaryotic cells, move by rotating a rigid flagellum. Eukaryotic cells, e.g. plant cells and animal cells move via the actions, of flexible cilia or flagella. (tail),
4.
Reproduction
Transmission of genetic material, from one generation to the next, occurs via cell division.
A cell's genetic material is duplicated, within the cell before cell division, so that each newly formed cell, begins life with complete genetic information. There are two types of cell division.
They are mitosis and meiosis. There are many single-cell organisms, e.g. amoeba, (a single cell animal). In appropriate environment's, such single cell organism's can live, feed and reproduce. In their case's, the function's of the individual cell, must include all the actions necessary, to support all the characteristics of life- including moving, eating, breathing, growing, secreting and reproduction.
So, although specific types of cell's, have particular functions within tissues/organisms, there are some functions, that all cells need to perform in order to survive.
They include:
Transport, (of molecules)
Chemical Reactions, (i.e. Metabolism), including energy conversion
Reproduction, ;) the basic structure of a cell?
Contain 3 basic cell structures: Nucleus. Cell Membrane. Cytoplasm with organelles.
Cytoplasmic organelles are, little organs, that are suspended in the cytoplasm of the cell. Each type of organelle has a definite structure, and a specific role in the function of the cell. Examples of cytoplasmic organelles are mitochondrion, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and lysosomes, Ribosomes provide another good example, of structure determining function. These small cellular components, are made of protein and ribosomal, RNA, (rRNA). Their main function, is to translate messenger, RNA, or mRNA, into strings of amino acids, called proteins. The human body is composed of trillions of cell's. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrient's from food, convert those nutrient's into energy, and carry out specialised function's. Cell's also contain the body's hereditary material, ancestral gene's and can make copies of themselves, but did you know, Bacteria lack many of the structure's that eukaryotic cell's contain. For example, they don't have a nucleus. They also lack' membrane-bound organelle's, such as mitochondria or chloroplast's. The DNA of a bacterial cell, is also different from a eukaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell, has a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. However, unlike prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells have, a membrane-bound nucleus. numerous membrane-bound organelles, (including theendoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria), and the basic structure of a bacterium cell, is a gel-like matrix, composed of water, enzymes, nutrients, wastes, and gases and contains cell structures, such as ribosomes, a chromosome, and plasmids. The cell envelope encases the cytoplasm, and all its components. Unlike the eukaryotic, (true) cells, bacteria do not have a membrane enclosed nucleus, and are thereby vulnerable, compared to other cells. from an attuned sustained frequency, while leaving normal cell's unharmed as, standardz, hahahahahaha, :) #edio
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